Computer: Makeuper: HTML: Barebones
連結
HTML 骨架
只要把下面的這些剪下貼上到記事本 (或是任何一個文字編輯器)，存檔 (副檔名記得用 html 或是 htm) 之後連點兩下開啟，就可以看到一個完全空白的網頁了：
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=big5" /> <title>顯示在瀏覽器視窗標題列的標題</title> </head> <body> </body> </html>
瀏覽器標題列當然會顯示「顯示在瀏覽器視窗標題列的標題」囉！
這裡有兩個一定要知道的細節：
- 在 title 標籤裡可以修改瀏覽器視窗標題列顯示的文字，千萬別忘了要改哦！
- 在 meta 標籤第二行最後面的「big5」，是用來指定文件編碼的。如果你只要寫中文和英文的文件，這樣就可以了；但是若你要在同文件用上多國語言，可以考慮把 big5 改成 utf-8 來指定萬國碼。一旦改用 UTF-8，也請記得存檔時要指定用 UTF-8 格式存檔，不然會出現亂碼哦！
額外的小知識
- 一開始的 !DOCTYPE 用途是註明文件類型，告訴瀏覽器這份文件是符合 W3C.org 裡 XHTML 1.0 Transitional 標準的文件。一般來說這裡都不會需要動到，所以直接貼上就好。
- 文件編碼：所有的文字存在電腦裡的時候都只是一堆數字，而電腦在顯示文字的時候，會像查字典一樣，把每個數字抓出來，找到字典對照之後，再按字典上的模樣把那個字「畫」在螢幕上。不同的語言會有不同的字典告訴電腦怎麼畫每個字，而這個「字典」，就是所謂的編碼。臺灣傳統上用的是 Big5 (大五碼) 編碼，但是近幾年有愈來愈多人開始用 UTF-8 萬國碼；這是因為 UTF-8 這本「字典」裡包括了許多國家的文字，比大五碼泛用，可以同時顯示多國語言。不過在指定用 UTF-8 顯示文件之前，儲存文件時就要指定好 UTF-8 了，不然會造成亂碼。
- 標籤對稱：眼尖的讀者應該都注意到每個標籤都是對稱的；有 html 就有 /html，有 body 就有 /body，有開頭就有結束。唯一的例外，就是 meta，不用 /meta 而是直接空一格再加上斜線和右角括號。這是因為 meta 的裡面不會再有包進其他東西了。這是 XHTML 1.0 的規定，千萬別忘了。
- 以後所有文件內容都會寫進 body 到 /body 標籤的中間
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